java security

This is a book about security from the perspective of a Java program. In this book, we discuss the basic
platform features of Java that provide security −− the class loader, the bytecode verifier, the security manager
−− and we discuss recent additions to Java that enhance this security model −− digital signatures, security
providers, and the access controller. The ideas in this book are meant to provide an understanding of the
architecture of Java's security model and how that model can be used (both programmatically and
administratively).

C Programming for Microcontrollers
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction.........................................................................................11
Why C?..............................................................................................................12
Why AVR?.........................................................................................................12
Goals.................................................................................................................14
Chapter 2: Quick Start Guide................................................................................17
Software............................................................................................................19
WinAVR – Oh, Whenever….........................................................................19
Programmers Notepad...................................................................................19
AVRStudio – FREE and darn well worth it..................................................20
Br@y++ Terminal:........................................................................................20
Hardware...........................................................................................................21
Constructing Your Development Platform....................................................21
Blinking LEDs – Your First C Program...........................................................27
Write it in Programmers Notepad.................................................................27
Download to the Butterfly with AVRStudio..................................................31
Blinky Goes Live..........................................................................................33
Simulation with AVRStudio..........................................................................35
GOOD GRIEF!.................................................................................................37
Chapter 3: A Brief Introduction to C – What Makes Blinky Blink?.....................39
Comments.....................................................................................................39
Include Files..................................................................................................39
Expressions, Statements, and Blocks............................................................39
Operators.......................................................................................................40
Flow Control.................................................................................................40
Functions.......................................................................................................41
The Main() Thing..........................................................................................42
Chapter 4: C Types, Operators, and Expressions..................................................45
Data Types and Sizes.....................................................................................45
Variable Names.............................................................................................49
Constants.......................................................................................................49
Declarations...................................................................................................50
Arithmetic Operators.....................................................................................50
Relational and Logical Operators..................................................................52
Bitwise Operators..........................................................................................53
Assignment Operators and Expressions........................................................61
Conditional Expressions................................................................................62
Precedence and Order of Evaluation.............................................................62
Projects..........................................................................................................65
Port Input and Output................................................................................65
Cylon Eye Speed and Polarity Control.....................................................70
Chapter 5: C Control Flow....................................................................................73
Statements and Blocks..................................................................................73
If-Else and Else-If.........................................................................................74
Switch............................................................................................................75
Loops – While, For and Do-while.................................................................78
Break and Continue.......................................................................................79
Goto and Labels............................................................................................80
A few practical examples: strlen, atoi, itoa, reverse......................................81
Chapter 6: C Functions and Program Structures...................................................87
Function Basics.............................................................................................87
Returns..........................................................................................................89
Variables External, Static, and Register........................................................90
Scope.............................................................................................................91
Headers..........................................................................................................92
Blocks............................................................................................................92
Initialization..................................................................................................92
Recursion......................................................................................................93
Preprocessor..................................................................................................94
Projects..........................................................................................................98
Is anybody out there? Communicating with a PC.....................................98
Chapter 7: Microcontroller Interrupts and Timers..............................................109
Interrupts.........................................................................................................109
Projects........................................................................................................114
Grab your joystick – and test your interrupts..........................................114
Timers/Counters..............................................................................................119
Calibrating the Butterfly oscillator:................................................................121
Projects........................................................................................................128
Precision Blinking...................................................................................128
Pulse Width Modulation – LED Brightness Control..............................134
Pulse Width Modulation - Motor Speed Control....................................137
Speedometer............................................................................................144
Chapter 8: C Pointers and Arrays........................................................................153
Addresses of variables................................................................................153
Function Arguments....................................................................................157
Arrays..........................................................................................................159
FIFOs and LIFOs: Stacks and Queues (Circular Buffers)..........................167
Function Pointers.........................................................................................169
Complex Pointer and Array Algorithms......................................................170
Projects........................................................................................................171
Messenger................................................................................................171
Does anybody know what time it is? A Real Time Clock.......................178
Music to my ears. “Play it again Sam.”...................................................189
Chapter 9 – Digital Meets Analog – ADC and DAC..........................................207
But First - A Debugging Tale......................................................................207
Analog to Digital Conversion.....................................................................210
Projects........................................................................................................216
DAC and ADC - Function Generator / Digital Oscilloscope..................227
Chapter 10: C Structures.....................................................................................241
Structure Basics...........................................................................................241
Structures and Functions.............................................................................243
Structure Arrays...........................................................................................246
Typedef........................................................................................................246
Unions.........................................................................................................247
Bit-fields......................................................................................................247
Projects........................................................................................................251
Finite State Machine................................................................................251
Chapter 11 The Butterfly LCD............................................................................261
PC to LCD test program..............................................................................262
Conclusion...................................................................................................270
Appendix 1: Project Kits.....................................................................................273
Appendix 2: Soldering Tutorial...........................................................................275
Appendix 3: Debugging Tale..............................................................................279
Appendix 4: ASCII Table...................................................................................283
Appendix 5: Decimal, Hexadecimal, and Binary................................................285
Appendix 6: Motor Speed Control Wheel...........................................................287
Appendix 7: HyperTerminal................................................................................289
Index....................................................................................................................295